孕妇血清中乙肝病毒抗原抗体检测与胎儿宫内感染的关系

目的：探讨孕妇血清中乙肝病毒抗原抗本，滴度与胎儿宫内感染发生率之间的关系，从而对母婴垂直传播提出适当的预防措施。方法：对855例孕妇采集肘静脉血，其分娩的新生儿出生后立即消毒脐带留取脐血，分别采用酶联免疫吸附法测定其乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg)，乙肝表面抗体（抗－HBs)，乙肝e抗原（HBeAg)，乙肝e抗体（抗－HBe)，乙肝核心抗体（抗－HBc)并对HBsAg,HBeAg，抗－HBc及HBsAg滴度与胎儿宫内感染的关系进行了分析。结果：855例孕妇HBsAg阳性者120例（占14．04％），120例HBsAg阳性孕妇的胎儿宫内感染率为32．50％（39／120）；孕妇血清中HBsAg滴度的高低与胎儿宫内感染率之间无显著性差异（P＞0．05），孕妇血清中单纯HBsAg阳性者发生胎儿宫内感染率为16．67％（1／6），HBsAg 阳性合并抗－HBc阳性者发生胎儿宫内感染率为12．32％（9／73），而孕妇血清中HBsAg阳性合并HBeAg阳性者发生胎儿宫内感染率为70．73％（29／41），与前组比较均有显著性差异（P＜0．01），结论：孕妇血清中HBsAg的滴度与胎儿发生宫内感染无关，但HBeAg阳性率越高，其胎儿发生宫内感染的机率就越大。

The Relationship between Detection of Antigen-of Hepatitis B Virus in Pregnant Women and the Fetus Intrauterin Infection

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the serologic HBV antigen and antibody,titre in pregnant women and the incidence of transmission fetus intrauterin infection and to explore the reasonable precautions against the transformation of the virus from mother to infant. Methods: Blood of cubital intravenous and the umbilical cords of 855 pregnant and their neonates was disinfected after birth immediately and was collected, in which hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti HBs),hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg),antibody to hepatitis B e antigen (anti HBe) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(anti HBc) were determined by enzyme linked immunoassays (ELISA).The analysis of relationship between the positive HBsAg,HBeAg,anti HBc and the fetus intrauterin infection. Results:Of 855 pregnant women, 120(14.04%)showed positive for HbsAg and the intrauterin infection rate in the 120 pregnant women was 32.50 (39/120). The fetus intrauterin rates were not dependent on the height of serologic HBsAg titre in pregnant women.( P >0.05).Conclusion:Serologic HBsAg titre in pregnant women may be irrespective of fetus intrauterin infection rate.The higher the HBeAg positive titre, the more the probability of fetus intrarterin infection.