胰腺囊性病变的影像学诊断

胰腺和胰周囊性病变可包括从良性到恶性的不同疾病，本文讨论常见的胰腺囊性病变。先天性囊肿为胰腺导管发育异常所致，囊肿内有完整内皮，影像学表现薄壁的单纯囊肿。潴留性囊肿是由于胰腺导管阻塞所致，主要见于肿瘤患者，在潴留囊肿前方可见实性肿块。外伤性假囊肿主要内容物为血肿。胰腺炎假囊肿内为坏死组织、炎性渗出、血液和胰酶。胰腺癌的囊性变为肿瘤中心的坏死、液化。浆液性囊腺瘤为良性过程，以多发小囊为主要特点。黏液性囊腺瘤为潜在恶性的病变，分叶状囊实性肿块为其特点，与黏液性囊腺癌不易鉴别。假囊肿特别是胰腺炎假囊肿和囊腺瘤之间的鉴别是最重要的，重症胰腺炎的临床病史有助于鉴别。

Imaging diagnosis of the cystic lesions of pancreas

Pancreatic lesions embrace a spectrum of diseases ranging from benign to malignant cases. Different imaging findings related to common cystic lesions of pancreas are discussed in this article. Congenital cysts are derived from abnormal pancreatic ducts,which are lined with endothelium retention cysts and resulted from the obstruction of pancreatic duct and are typically found patients with pancreatic neoplasms.A solid mass can be found proximal to the retention cysts.The main content of traumatic pseudocysts are hematoma,and the content of pancreatitisp seudocysts are necroses,inflammatory effusion,blood and pancreatin. In pancreatic carcinoma, cystic lesions represent necroses and liquefaction in the center of mass.Serous cystadenomas are benign progression.Mucinous cystadenomas are potential malignant lesions which usually are solid and cystic masses with lobulated margin,and may be indistinguishable from mucinous cystadenocarcinoma due to the similar imaging findings.It is most important to distinguish pseudocysts, especially pancreatitis pseudocyst from cystadenoma. The clinical history of severe pancreatitis appearances to be useful in differentiation.