Electrosonic ejector microarray for drug and gene delivery |
| |
Authors: | Vladimir G Zarnitsyn J Mark Meacham Mark J Varady Chunhai Hao F Levent Degertekin Andrei G Fedorov |
| |
Institution: | (1) George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;(2) Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;(3) Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332, USA |
| |
Abstract: | We report on development and experimental characterization of a novel cell manipulation device—the electrosonic ejector microarray—which
establishes a pathway for drug and/or gene delivery with control of biophysical action on the length scale of an individual
cell. The device comprises a piezoelectric transducer for ultrasound wave generation, a reservoir for storing the sample mixture
and a set of acoustic horn structures that form a nozzle array for focused application of mechanical energy. The nozzles are
micromachined in silicon or plastic using simple and economical batch fabrication processes. When the device is driven at
a particular resonant frequency of the acoustic horn structures, the sample mixture of cells and desired transfection agents/molecules
suspended in culture medium is ejected from orifices located at the nozzle tips. During sample ejection, focused mechanical
forces (pressure and shear) are generated on a microsecond time scale (dictated by nozzle size/geometry and ejection velocity)
resulting in identical “active” microenvironments for each ejected cell. This process enables a number of cellular bioeffects,
from uptake of small molecules and gene delivery/transfection to cell lysis. Specifically, we demonstrate successful calcein
uptake and transfection of DNA plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) into human malignant glioma cells (cell line
LN443) using electrosonic microarrays with 36, 45 and 50 μm diameter nozzle orifices and operating at ultrasound frequencies
between 0.91 and 0.98 MHz. Our results suggest that efficacy and the extent of bioeffects are mainly controlled by nozzle
orifice size and the localized intensity of the applied acoustic field. |
| |
Keywords: | Microfluidics Cell manipulation Biomolecule delivery Gene delivery Electrosonic atomizer |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|