| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor Michigan;3. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York;4. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;5. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York;6. Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;2. Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California;4. Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;5. Naveen Jindal School of Management, University of Texas-Dallas, Dallas, Texas;1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom;2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiovascular Research, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia;4. Michigan Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Michigan;5. Michigan Heart and Vascular Institute, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan;6. Department of Cardiac Surgery, McLaren Greater Lansing Hospital, Lansing, Michigan;7. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, Michigan;8. Department of Cardiac Surgery, MidMichigan Medical Center, Alpena, Michigan;9. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dearborn, Michigan;10. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;1. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio;2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;3. Department of Surgery and Institute of Human Values in Health Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina;1. Department of Surgery and Center for Quality and Safety, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, Michigan;3. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;4. Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas;5. Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio;6. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;7. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, Missouri |
