小儿经皮肾活检病理类型及临床意义分析

目的探讨经皮肾穿刺活检术在小儿肾脏疾病中的安全性和诊断治疗意义。方法在实时超声引导下对20例小儿肾小球疾病患者进行经皮肾活检术,标本做光镜、免疫荧光和电镜检查。结果20例患者仅1例发生一过性肉眼血尿。各种原发性肾小球疾病临床表现与病理差异较大。继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性肾炎多见,大部分（5/9）病理类型为Ⅲ级。结论小儿经皮肾活检术成功率高,安全性好。对小儿肾小球疾病的诊断、治疗及评估预后有重要价值。

Analysis of pathological data and clinical significance of children's percutaneous renal biopsy

Aim To explore the safety and significance of percutaneous renal biopsy in children with glomerulonephritis.Methods 20 children with glomerulonephritis had undergone real-time ultrasound-guided renal biopsy.Light microscopy,immunofluorescent and electron microscopy were performed on each specimen.Results Gross hematuria happened only in 1 child.The difference between the pathological classification and clinical manifestations of the primary glomerular disease is significant.Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis is the most common diagnosis in secondary glomerulary disease.Five out of 9 patients had an ISKDC classification of grade Ⅲ.Conclusions It is safe to perform real-time ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy in children.There is a significance for the pathological diagnosis and clinical therapy and estimation of the prognosis.