儿童甲状腺病变MRI诊断

目的观察儿童甲状腺病变的MRI影像学表现。方法回顾性分析49例临床病理确诊的儿童甲状病变MRI表现。结果 49例甲状腺病变中,单纯甲状腺囊肿2例、结节性甲状腺肿2例、甲状腺腺瘤9例、甲状腺脓肿13例、桥本甲状腺炎2例、甲状腺癌18例,淋巴瘤累及甲状腺3例。MRI表现为甲状腺体积无显著增大或局限性、弥漫性增大,腺体内可见囊性、实性或囊实性混杂结节样信号。良性病变中92.86%(26/28)T1WI信号、100%(28/28)T2WI信号均较恶性病变信号略高。80.95%(17/21)的恶性病变DWI呈中等信号,略低于甲状腺脓肿壁DWI信号、且略高于甲状腺腺瘤信号;15例(15/28,53.57%)良性病变DWI信号较恶性病变略低。恶性病变中转移性淋巴结DWI呈高信号。结论儿童甲状腺病变的MRI表现具有一定的特征性,DWI序列可协助鉴别良恶性病变。

MRI in diagnosis of pediatric thyroid disease

Objective To observe MRI manifestations of pediatric thyroid disease. Methods A total of 49 children with thyroid disease proved by pathologic results were analyzed retrospectively, and the MRI manifestations were observed. Results In 49 cases of thyroid disease, 2 cases of thyroid cyst, 2 cases of nodular goiter, 9 cases of thyroid adenoma, 13 cases of thyroid abscess, 2 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 18 cases of thyroid carcinoma and 3 cases of lymphoma involved thyroid were studied. On MRI image, these cases displayed cystic, solid or mixed nodular signal with or without local or diffused swelling. The signal intensity of benign lesions on T1WI (26/28, 92.86%) and T2WI (28/28, 100%) were slightly higher than that of malignant lesions. DWI signal intensity of 80.95% (17/21) malignant lesions were medium signal, and slightly higher than that of thyroid adenoma and slightly lower than that of thyroid abscess wall. On the other hand, DWI signal intensity of 53.57% (15/28) benign lesions were slightly lower than that of malignant lesions. The metastasis lymph nodes displayed as high signal intensity on DWI. Conclusion Pediatric thyroid disease has certain characteristic appearance on MRI, DWI sequence is beneficial to differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pediatric thyroid disease.