职业女性母乳喂养持续时间及影响因素

目的了解职业女性母乳喂养持续时间及其影响因素,为构建职业女性母乳喂养支持方案提供参考。方法在郑州市2所三级甲等医院儿童预防保健门诊选取364名产后返岗的职业女性,采用自制的职业女性母乳喂养调查问卷开展调查。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox回归模型分析母乳喂养持续时间及其影响因素。结果产后返岗职业女性母乳喂养持续时间均值为11.94个月。Cox回归分析显示,是否坚持纯母乳喂养到6个月、预计母乳喂养时间、返岗后是否继续母乳喂养是母乳喂养持续时间的影响因素(均P<0.01)。结论职业女性母乳喂养持续时间与WHO的建议还有一定差距。应进一步提高6个月纯母乳喂养水平,帮助返岗职业女性制定科学合理的母乳喂养规划和目标,采取有效措施改善工作场所母乳喂养支持,为持续母乳喂养创造条件。

Duration of breastfeeding and its influencing factors among working women

Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of breastfeeding duration among working women, and to provide reference for establishing breastfeeding support program for this population. Methods A total of 364 postpartum working women returning to work were selected in child prevention health clinic in 2 tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou, and they were investigated using self-designed working women breastfeeding questionnaire. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze breastfeeding duration and its influencing factors. Results Mean duration of breastfeeding of the postpartum working women returning to work was 11.94 months. Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that, whether insisting on exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months after birth, anticipated breastfeeding time, whether continuing breastfeeding after returning to work were influencing factors of duration of breastfeeding(P<0.01 for all). Conclusion There is a gap between duration of breastfeeding among working women and the recommendation of WHO. It is necessary to improve exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months, help working women returning to work to formulate scientific and reasonable breastfeeding plans and goals, and take effective measures to improve breastfeeding support in the workplace, so as to create conditions for continued breastfeeding.