养老院老年人规律锻炼影响因素分析

目的探讨养老院老年人规律锻炼现状及影响因素。方法方便抽取广州市3所养老院老年人233人,评估每周规律锻炼情况,并测量身体状况指标及采用自行设计的一般资料问卷、中文版运动自我效能量表、Barthel指数评定量表探讨可能的影响因素。结果规律锻炼(每周锻炼时间150 min)者159人(68.24%),多因素Logistic回归分析显示,运动自我效能(OR=1.781)、入住养老院前规律锻炼(OR=5.007)、有运动指导(OR=3.725)是养老院老年人规律锻炼的影响因素(均P0.01)。结论入住养老院前有无规律锻炼、运动指导和运动自我效能是影响养老院老年人规律锻炼的重要因素,可以通过提高运动自我效能,在养老院内配备专业的运动指导人员提高运动积极性,以促进养老院老年人规律锻炼。

Regular exercise and its predictors among older residents of long-term care institutions

Objective To explore the status of regular exercise and its predictors among older residents of long-term care institutions. Methods Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 233 older residents residing in three long-term care institutions in Guangzhou. Data collection instruments included a self-reported regular exercise, demographic data questionnaire, the Chinese version of Self-efficacy for Exercise Scale and the Barthel Index. Meanwhile, physical parameters were also measured. Results One hundred and fifty-nine older residents (68.24%) exercised regularly (longer than 150 min per week). Logistic regression analysis indicated higher exercise self-efficacy, regular exercise habit prior to institutionalization and provision of exercise guidance to be significant positive predictors of regular exercise (P<0.01 for all). Conclusion To promote regular exercise within this population, regular exercise habit, exercise guidance and exercise self-efficacy can be potential target areas for interventions. Enhancing exercise self-efficacy and employing professionals to provide exercise guidance in institutions can promote regular exercise among older residents of long-term care institutions.