基于保护动机理论的护理干预对社区老年人心血管健康的影响

目的探讨基于保护动机理论的护理干预对社区老年人心血管健康的影响。方法将85名老年人以居住地为界用抛硬币法分为干预组43名与对照组42名。对照组实施社区常规护理,干预组实施基于保护动机理论的护理干预。在干预前、干预后3个月、干预后6个月对两组老年人健康行为转变、生理生化指标及心血管健康评分进行评价。结果干预后6个月,干预组老年人低盐饮食和规律运动达标率显著高于对照组(均P<0.05);两组体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、心血管健康总分及心血管健康行为得分比较,组间效应、时间效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。两组胆固醇比较,组间效应、交互效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论基于保护动机理论的护理干预可促进老年人健康行为的转变,降低老年人体重指数、血压和胆固醇,提高老年人心血管健康水平。

Effect of the nursing intervention based-on the protection motivation theory on cardiovascular health in community older adults

Objective To explore the effect of the nursing intervention based-on protection motivation theory on cardiovascular health in community older adults.Methods Totally 85 community older adults were divided into an intervention group(n=43) and a control group(n=42) using coin tossing according to living area. The control group received routine community nur-sing, while the intervention group received nursing intervention based on protection motivation theory.The health behavior change, the physiological and biochemical indexes and the score of cardiovascular health of the two groups were assessed before the intervention, 3 months and 6 months after the intervention.Results At 6 months after the intervention, the standard reaching rate of low salt diet and regular exercise in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05 for both).The intervention effect, time effect and the intervention × time interaction effect in body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, the total score of cardiovascular health and the score of cardiovascular health behavior were significant beween the two groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).The cholesterol was compared between the two groups, the intervention effect, the interven-tion × time interaction effect were significant(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The nursing intervention based on the protection motivation theory can promote healthy behavior change for older aults, reduce their body mass index, blood pressure and choleste-rol, and improve their cardiovascular health.