固体二氧化氯消毒剂杀菌性能的实验研究

为了解固体二氧化氯消毒剂的杀菌性能及其毒性,用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室观察。结果,含250 mg/L二氧化氯溶液作用5 m in,对绿脓杆菌的平均杀灭对数值>5.00;含50 mg/L二氧化氯溶液作用2.5 m in,对金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠杆菌杀灭对数值均>5.00;含200 mg/L二氧化氯溶液作用5 m in,对白色念珠菌平均杀灭对数值为4.56。用含250 mg/L二氧化氯溶液,对木质台面、瓷碗及黄瓜上污染的人工菌消毒作用5~3 m in,均可达到消毒合格指标。游泳池水经5 mg/L二氧化氯作用30 m in,水中自然菌总数均低于1000 cfu/m l,大肠菌群值均低于18 cfu/L。该消毒剂对小鼠急性经口LD50为584 mg/kg.bw,属低毒;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。其含5000 mg/L二氧化氯水溶液对兔皮肤和眼睛无刺激性;对豚鼠皮肤致敏率为0%,致敏强度为极轻级。结论,固体二氧化氯消毒剂具有良好的杀灭微生物性能,毒性低,可广泛应用于环境、物品及水体的消毒。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON GERMICIDAL PROPERTY OF SOLID CHLORINE DIOXIDE DISINFECTANT

In order to know the germicidal property and toxicity of solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant,suspension quantitative germicidal test and animal toxicity test were used to carry out laboratory observation.Results: The killing logarithm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed to the solution containing chlorine dioxide solid disinfectant 250 mg/L for 5 min was >(5.00) in average.The killing logarithms of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exposed to the solution containing chlorine dioxide 50 mg/L for 2.5 min were >5.00 and that of Candida albicans exposed to the solution containing chlorine dioxide 200 mg/L for 5 min was 4.56 in average.Disinfection of wooden table surface,porcelain bowl or cucumber contaminated by artificial bacteria with the solution containing chlorine dioxide 250 mg/L for 5～3 min attained eligible criteria of disinfection.Disinfection of swimming pool water with chlorine dioxide 5 mg/L for 30 min reduced total natural bacterial count in water to lower than 1000 cfu/ml and coli-group count to lower than 18 cfu/L.The mouse acute oral LD_(50) of the disinfectant wa 584 mg/kg,belonging to low toxicity.It did not cause micronucleus formation in mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes.The disinfectant was non-irritating to rabbit skin and eye and its guinea-pig skin sensitizing rate was 0%,indicating the sensitizing strength was very weak.Conclusions: The solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant has good germicidal efficacy and low toxicity.and can be used widely in disinfection of environment,articles and water.