高危孕产妇医院感染分析

目的 分析高危孕产妇医院感染,为防治医院感染寻找对策.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月～2003年12月在广州市重症孕产妇救治中心住院的8 342例住院孕产妇的病历,对医院感染者逐个进行登记.结果 高危孕产妇医院感染发生率为5.34%（237/4441）,明显高于正常孕产妇的0.79%（31/3901）,P〈0.05.高危孕产妇的医院感染主要发生在产后,占85.23%,发生于产前的占14.76%.感染发生的部位以生殖道最多,达94例（39.25%）,其余依次为呼吸道77例（32.49%）,切口及皮肤54例（22.78%）,胃肠道7例（2.95%）、泌尿道6例（2.53%）.剖宫产者和阴道助产者医院感染发生率分别为6.80%和6.29%,均非常显著性地高于自然分娩者（3.11%）,P均〈0.01.联合应用抗生素者医院感染发生率5.23%,单用抗生素者医院感染率5.74%,二者无显著性差异.结论 高危孕产妇容易发生医院感染,感染发生的部位以生殖道、呼吸道、切口及皮肤为主,剖宫产者和阴道助产者会增加医院感染发生的机会,联合应用抗生素并不能降低发生感染的机会.

Analysis of Nosocomial Infection of High Risk Lying-in Woman

Objective To explore the status of nosocomial infection of high risk lying-in women and the corresponding interventions. Method By retrospective analysis 8342 lying-in women who were admitted in the Second People's Hospital of Guangzhou from Jun.1999 to Dec.2003. Results The infectious rate of high risk lying-in woman is 5.34%(237/4441), which is significantly higher than that of normal lying-in women(0.79%, 31/3901, P < 0.05). 85.23% infection was after childbirth,14.76% was before childbirth. Genital duct infection(94,39.25%) is primary, the rest in order were espiratory (77, 32.49%), nick and skin (54, 22.78%),gastrointestinal tract (7, 2.95%), urinary tract infection(6,2.53%). The infectious rate of cesarean delivery and vagina assistant delivery were 6.80% and 6.29% , respectively ,which were significant higher than that of spontaneous labor(P < 0.01). The infectious rate of using combined antibiotics group was 5.23%, using single antibiotics group was 5.74%, there were no difference between two groups. Conclusions High risk lying-in women were high risk group of nosocomial infection . Cesarean delivery and vagina assistant delivery would increase the chance of infection. Infection focuses on genital duct, espiratory, nick and skin. Using combined antibiotics would not decrease infection.