恶性肿瘤患者医院感染病原菌及耐药特征分析

目的了解恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌分布及其耐药特征。方法对浙江省肿瘤医院2004-2008年恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌及耐药情况进行统计分析。结果共检出病原菌3454株，其中革兰阴性菌1900株，占55．0％，真菌838株，占24．3％，革兰阳性菌716株，占20．7％。主要病原菌是大肠埃希菌和白假丝酵母菌，主要通过手术切口、泌尿道、呼吸道和口腔等引起感染。革兰阴性菌中的大肠埃希菌和革兰阳性菌中的葡萄球菌耐药率高，真菌中的白假丝酵母菌对各种抗真菌药物均较敏感。结论恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的病原菌以条件致病菌为主，部分细菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况相当严重。

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in cancer patients with nosocomial infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in cancer patients with nosocomial infections. Methods Pathogens isolated from cancer patients with nosocomial infections in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed. Results Totally 3454 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 1900 strains of Gram-negative bacilli （55.0%）, 838 strains of fungi （24.3%）, and 716 strains of Gram-positive bacteria （20.7%）. Pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were isolated mainly from surgical wound, urinary tract, respiratory tract and oral cavity. The drug resistant rates for Gram-negative Escherichia coll and Gram-positive staphylococci were high, and Candida albicans was sensitive to all antifungal drugs. Conclusion Opportunistic pathogens account for most uosocomial infections in cancer patients, and some of them are of high-level resistance to antimicrobial agents.