含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

目的 评价在先心病伴肺动脉高压患儿心肺转流术期间,从肺动脉灌注含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液对肺脏的保护作用.方法 选择2005-09-2006-12浙江大学医学院附属儿章医院心胸外科收治的左向右分流先心病伴中重度肺动脉高压的患儿54例,中重度肺动脉高压以肺动脉收缩压/体循环收缩压>0.45为标准,手术前有感染征像(白细胞>12 000/μL,体温>38℃,C-反应蛋白>8mg/L)、过敏史者除外.采用抽签法随机分为三组,各18例,A组为对照组(术中未给予肺保护液),B组在术中经肺动脉灌注不含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液,C组在术中经肺动脉灌注含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液.在开胸后及回ICU后0 h,3 h,6 h,24 h(T1～5)五个时点抽取桡动脉血样,测定血浆丙二醛(MDA)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)浓度;在T1～4计算肺泡-动脉氧分压差(A-aDO2)、肺动态顺应性(Cd).记录呼吸机辅助通气时间.采用SPSS 12.0统计软件对计量指标进行统计分析,资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较用LSD法检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 三组患儿回ICU后各时点(T2-5)MDA、MPO值均较T1升高;与A组相比:B组在T4时点MDA、MPO[分别为(7.66±1.42)pg/mL,(194.2±35.41)U/L]显著降低(P<0.05),组C在T3-T5时点MDA[分别为(5.37±1.01)pg/mL,(7.52±0.98)pg/mL,(6.22±0.83)pg/mL]及在T4时点MPO(184.2±35.41)U/L均显著降低;两干预组(B组和C组)各时间点MDA和MPO差异无统计学意义.三组术后A-aDO2升高;与A组相比:B组与C组在T3、T4时点小,但C组在T4时点A-aDO2(72.9±23.94)mmHg较组B(89.2±24.28)mmHg低,差异具有统计学意义.三组术后Cd降低;与A组相比:B组在T3时点[(0.57±0.16)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1]、C组在T3和T4时点[(0.56 ±0.12)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1,(0.60±0.11)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1]高;B组与C组在T4时点Cd差异具有统计学意义.B组与C组呼吸机通气时间较A组短,但两干预组之间差异无统计学意义.结论 低温肺保护液可减轻体外循环对肺的损伤,改善术后早期肺功能,肺保护液中加入乌司他丁对肺脏的保护作用更具有显著性.

Effects of pulmonary protective solution involved ulinastatin on lung function after cardioopulmonary bypass

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.