血液透析患者心理压力应对方式的调查研究

目的探讨血液透析患者心理压力应对方式，为临床护士进行心理干预提供依据。方法采用医学应对问卷（MCMQ）对本透析中心50例患者进行问卷调查。结果本组患者3种应对方式的分值与常模比较均有显著性差异（P〈0.01），显示被调查的血液透析患者较少采用积极的应对方式；男、女性患者应对方式无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；中青年患者比老年患者更多采用“回避”的应对方式（p〈0．05）；透析时间≥4年患者采取“屈服”方式相对要多些（P〈0.05）。结论护理人员针对不同类别的血液透析患者的压力应对特点，正确引导患者采用积极的应对方式，提高其治疗效果及生活质量。

A survey of mental pressure of hemodialysis patients

Objective To explore the measures to handle the mental pressure of hemodialysis patients so as to provide the basis for nurse's mental intervention. Methods MCMQ was used to survey 50 patients in the center. Results The 3 coping methods in the treatment group were significantly different from the norms (P<0.01), showed the surveyed hemodialysis patients made less use of active handling methods. There was no difference between males and females (P>0.05). The middle aged used such avoidance more frequently than the old people (P<0.05). For those patients who had 4 years of hemodialysis, the patients used more "obedience" (P< 0.05). Conclusion The nurses need to instruct hemodialysis patients of all sort to use right and active handling measures and then improve curative effect and quality of life, pertinent to the characteristics of pressures that hemodialysis patients.