Single-photon emission tomography imaging of serotonin transporters in the non-human primate brain with the selective radioligand [123I]IDAM |
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Authors: | Paul D Acton Mei-Ping Kung Mu Mu Karl Plössl Catherine Hou Michael Siciliano Shunichi Oya Hank F Kung |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Market Street, Room 305, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, US;(2) Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, US |
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Abstract: | A new radioligand, 5-iodo-2-2–2-(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl]thio]benzyl alcohol (123I]IDAM), has been developed for selective single-photon emission tomography (SPET) imaging of SERT. In vitro binding studies
suggest a high selectivity of IDAM for SERT (K
i=0.097 nM), with considerably lower affinities for norepinephrine and dopamine transporters (NET K
i= 234 nM and DAT K
i>10 μM, respectively). In this study the biodistribution of SERT in the baboon brain was investigated in vivo using 123I]IDAM and SPET imaging. Dynamic sequences of SPET scans were performed on three female baboons (Papio anubis) after injection of 555 MBq of 123I]IDAM. Displacing doses (1 mg/kg) of the selective SERT ligand (+)McN5652 were administered 90–120 min after injection of
123I]IDAM. Similar studies were performed using a NET inhibitor, nisoxetine, and a DAT blocker, methylphenidate. After 60–120
min, the regional distribution of tracer within the brain reflected the characteristic distribution of SERT, with the highest
uptake in the midbrain area (hypothalamus, raphe nucleus, substantia nigra), and the lowest uptake in the cerebellum (an area
presumed free of SERT). Peak specific binding in the midbrain occurred at 120 min, with a ratio to the cerebellum of 1.80±0.13.
At 30 min, 85% of the radioactivity in the blood was metabolite. Following injection of a competing SERT ligand, (+)McN5652,
the tracer exhibited rapid washout from areas with high concentrations of SERT (dissociation rate constant in the midbrain,
averaged over three baboons, k
off=0.025±0.002 min–1), while the cerebellar activity distribution was undisturbed (washout rate 0.0059± 0.0003 min–1). Calculation of tracer washout rate pixel-by-pixel enabled the generation of parametric images of the dissociation rate
constant. Similar studies using nisoxetine and methylphenidate had no effect on the distribution of 123I]IDAM in the brain. These results suggest that 123I]IDAM is suitable for selective SPET imaging of SERT in the primate brain, with high contrast, favorable kinetics, and negligible
binding to either NET or DAT.
Received: 1 February and in revised form 2 March 1999 |
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Keywords: | : Serotonin transporter Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor 5-Hydroxytryptamine Baboon Single-photon emission tomography |
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