北京、重庆、广州三城市儿童哮喘患病情况调查

目的分析北京、重庆、广州三城市儿童哮喘患病情况,为今后儿童哮喘防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用多阶抽样方法分别从北京、重庆、广州抽取0～14岁儿童10372、9846及4072名,采用国际通用的儿童哮喘及变态反应性疾病国际研究(International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood,ISAAC)调查问卷进行调查,了解三城市儿童哮喘患病情况。结果北京、重庆、广州儿童哮喘患病率分别为3.15%、7.45%及2.09%,3岁以前首次发作的患儿比例分别为57.21%、69.91%及60.00%;北京、重庆、广州哮喘儿童中半数以上近12个月仍有喘息、夜间干咳、运动后干咳等哮喘症状。结论我国儿童哮喘患病仍呈明显上升趋势,大部分哮喘患儿3岁前发病。

Prevalence of Childhood Asthma in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou

Objective To identify the prevalence of childhood asthma,allergic rhinitis,and eczema in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou and provide scientific reference for the childhood asthma prevention and treatment program in the future.Methods The questionnaire survey of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood（ISAAC） was carried out in three cities in China wich were Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou,covering a sample of 24 290 children aged 0～14 years by a multi-stage sampling method,the population of children involved in this survey in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou was 10372,9874,and 4072 respectively.The questionnaire was delivered by teachers at school,all the questionnaire was finished by the parents.Results The prevalence of asthma in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou was 7.45%,3.15%,and 2.09%,which is significanty increased compared with the data of 10 years ago;there were 57.2%,69.91%,and 60.00% of asthmatic children had their first attack younger than 3 year old in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou respectively.Conclusion There has been a significantly increasing trend of childhood asthma in Beijing,Chongqing,and Guangzhou,and most asthmatic children had their first attack younger than 3 year old.