浙江省农村社区居民健康状况分析

目的通过体检了解居民的健康状况和疾病谱，为做好社区预防保健工作提供健康信息材料和干预的依据。方法2008年至2009年对第二轮新农合31724名居民进行内、外科、心电图、胸部X线透视、尿、大便常规、肝功能和乙肝表面抗原、彩色B超检查肝、胆、肾，40岁以上的居民增加空腹血糖和血脂检查。结果疾病谱依次为血脂异常（41．0％）、超重（23．7％）、血压异常（22．9％）、胆囊疾病（16．3％）、脂肪肝（13．3％）、乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性（10．7％）、肾脏疾病（9．6％）、血糖异常（6．4％）。血压异常、超重、血脂异常女性高于男性（P〈0．05），乙肝表面抗原阳性率、肾脏疾病男性高于女性（P〈0．05）。慢性疾病发病以中、老年居多（P〈0．05），但有向低龄化发展的趋势。结论血脂异常、超重、血压异常、脂肪肝、血糖异常已经成为农村居民主要的健康问题，应积极地制定干预措施，加强健康管理，控制慢性疾病的危险因素进一步发展。

Health status of rural community residents in Zhejiang province

Objective To investigate the health status and disease spectrum of community residents to provide evidence for health care interventions. Methods From 2008 to 2009, physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, urine or stool test, liver functions, color B-ultrasound checks were scanned for 31 724 community residents,and fasting blood glucose or lipids was tested for the individuals over 40-yearold. Results Dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal blood pressure, gallbladder disease, fatty liver, positive hepatitis B surface antigen, kidney disease, and blood glucose abnormality were found in 41.0% ,23.7% , 22. 9% ,16. 3% , 13.3% , 10. 7% ,9. 6% , and 6. 4% , respectively. Blood pressure anomaly, overweight and dyslipidemia were more commonly seen in （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , however, positive hepatitis B surface antigen and kidney disease were more commonly seen in men （P 〈 0. 05）. Most chronic diseases happened in the middleaged and the elderly population （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal blood pressure ,fatty liver,blood glood abnormality have become important health problems of rural residents, and health interventions should be actively taken.