围术期经皮穴位电刺激对术后胃肠功能影响的Meta分析

目的：系统评价经皮穴位电刺激（TEAS）促进术后胃肠功能恢复的效果。
方法：计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Embase、PubMed等数据库，纳入有关TEAS对术后胃肠功能影响的随机对照试验（RCT），采用Cochrane系统评价手册5.1推荐的RCT质量评价工具进行方法学质量评价。采用RevMan 5.3、Stata 15进行Meta分析。
结果：共纳入34篇RCTs，患者3 593例，TEAS组1 781例，非TEAS组1 812例。与非TEAS组比较，TEAS组术后24 h内恶心发生率（RR=0.46，95%CI 0.36～0.59，P<0.001）、术后24 h内呕吐发生率（RR=0.47，95%CI 0.37～0.59，P<0.001）明显降低，术后肠鸣音恢复时间（MD=-6.42 h，95%CI -8.53～-4.32 h，P<0.001）、术后首次肛门排气时间（MD=-8.72 h，95%CI-10.64～-6.80 h，P<0.001）、术后首次排便时间（MD=-11.83 h，95%CI -14.67～-8.98 h，P<0.001）明显缩短。
结论：TEAS可促进术后胃肠功能恢复，明显降低术后24 h内恶心、呕吐发生率，缩短术后首次肛门排气、排便时间。

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on postoperative gastrointestinal function during perioperative period: a meta-analysis

Objective: To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on promoting postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to postoperative gastrointestinal function using TEAS were retrieved from the CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Embase, and PubMed database. RCTs on the effects of TEAS on postoperative gastrointestinal function were included. Methodological quality was evaluated using the quality evaluation tools recommended in Cochrane evaluation manual 5.1. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.
Results: Thirty-four RCTs involving 3 593 patients were included. There were 1 781 patients in the TEAS group and 1 812 patients in the non-TEAS group. Compared with the non-TEAS group, the incidence of nausea (RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.59, P < 0.001) and vomiting (RR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.59, P < 0.001) within 24 hours after surgery was significantly reduced in the TEAS group, and the postoperative recovery time of bowel sound (MD = -6.42 hours, 95% CI -8.53 to -4.32 hours, P < 0.001), first exhaust time (MD = -8.72 hours, 95% CI -10.64 to -6.80 hours, P < 0.001), and first defecation time (MD = -11.83 hours, 95% CI -14.67 to -8.98 hours, P < 0.001) were significantly shortened.
Conclusion: TEAS can promote postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, significantly reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 24 hours after surgery, and shortening the time of first anal exhaust and defecation after surgery.