城市退休老年人社会参与、健康自评与心理健康的关系

目的：了解城市退休老年人社会参与、健康自评与心理健康之间的关系,为促进其心理健康发展提供依据。方法：采用老年人社会参与量表、老年人心理健康量表(MHIE-UV)以及健康自评对992名城市退休老年人进行调查。结果：研究对象社会参与得分为(29.28±4.57)分,健康自评得分为(3.33±0.92)分,心理健康得分为(35.5±7.49)分。城市退休老年人健康自评得分与社会参与、心理健康呈正相关(r=0.315,P<0.01;r=0.429,P<0.01),社会参与与心理健康呈正相关(r=0.554,P<0.01),社会参与在健康自评与心理健康之间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的34.1%。结论：城市退休老年人社会参与、健康自评与心理健康状况之间两两显著相关,健康自评可直接影响或通过社会参与的中介作用间接影响心理健康状况。

Correlation among social participation, health self-assessment, and mentalhealth of retired elderly in urban area

Objective: To understand the relationship between social participation, health self-assessment and mental health of retired elderly in urban area, and provide a basis for promoting the physical and mental health development of retired elderly in urban area. Methods: The Social Participation scale for the elderly, the Mental Health Scale for the elderly(MHIE-UV), and health self-assessment were used to investigate 992 retired elderly in urban area. Results: The score of social participation was (29.28±4.57) points, the score of health self-assessment was (3.33±0.92) points, and the score of mental health was (35.5±7.49) points. The health self-assessment score of urban retired elderly was positively correlated with social participation (r=0.315,P<0.01) and was positively correlated with mental health (r=0.429,P<0.01), and social participation was positively correlated with mental health status (r=0.554,P<0.01). Social participation played a mediating effect between self-assessment health and mental health, which accounted for 34.1% of the total effect. Conclusions: There are significant positively associated with social participation, health self-assessment, and mental health of urban retired elderly. The elderly’s health self-assessment could affect their mental health directly and indirectly through the mediating role of social participation.