支气管扩张症伴咯血的原因及治疗进展研究

<正>支气管扩张症是指支气管管壁部分或全部不可逆性扩张，直径明显增大^[1]，通常与慢性支气管炎、阻塞性肺疾病等慢性肺疾病有关，具有病程长、反复发作的特点，且发病率随着年龄的增长而增加^[2]。扩张的气道形成了易于积聚痰液和细菌的环境，易引发反复气道感染和咳嗽、咳痰，尤其在清晨或夜间加重，严重的支气管扩张症可能导致支气管壁破裂，形成支气管瘘，进而导致咯血。据统计，支气管扩张症患者中有26.0%～51.2%伴有咯血症状，咯血会导致气道阻塞、呼吸困难、气促等症状加重，持续的大量咯血会导致贫血，影响机体的氧合功能^[3]。支气管扩张症相关咯血的治疗方法取决于临床严重程度，支气管扩张症急性加重引起的轻度咯血可采取对症治疗，

Research on the causes and treatment progress of bronchiectasis with hemoptysis

Bronchiectasia refers to the partial or complete inability of the bronchial tube wallReverse expansion with significantly increased diameter [1], usually associated with chronic bronchitis, obstructionChronic lung diseases such as obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with a long course and recurrent onsetAnd the incidence rate increases with age [2]. expandThe airway forms an environment that is prone to the accumulation of phlegm and bacteria, which can easily lead to refluxRespiratory infections and coughing, sputum production, especially worsening in the morning or night, are severeSevere bronchiectasis may lead to the rupture of the bronchial wall and the formation of bronchiectasisFistula can lead to hemoptysis. According to statistics, among patients with bronchiectasis, there are26.0% to 51.2% are accompanied by symptoms of hemoptysis, which can lead to airway obstructionSymptoms such as difficulty breathing and shortness of breath worsen, and prolonged massive hemoptysis can lead to povertyBlood, affecting the body''s oxygenation function [3]. Bronchiectasis related hemoptysisThe treatment method depends on the clinical severity, and acute exacerbation of bronchiectasisMild hemoptysis caused by severe symptoms can be treated symptomatically, such as using Baquting and phenolTolamine and others require hospitalization for surgical treatment for more severe hemoptysis, and it is clear thatThe causes of bronchiectasis with hemoptysis contribute to the clinical selection of reasonable treatmentPlan to improve patient prognosis [4]. This article intends to study bronchiectasis with hemoptysisA review of the causes and treatment methods for bronchiectasis withProvide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of hemoptysis.