两种方法对丙型肝炎病毒检测的对比研究

目的探讨荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）在检测丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）方面的差异。方法 60例确诊为丙型肝炎的住院患者样本作观察组,80例健康体检人群样本作健康对照组,应用FQ-PCR和ELISA分别对这两组样本进行HCV-RNA和抗HCV抗体（抗-HCV）检测。结果 60例观察组样本中,FQ-PCR和ELISA分别检出阳性54例和49例,阳性率分别为90%和81.67%,80例健康对照组样本中,FQ-PCR和ELISA分别检出阴性80例和77例,阴性率分别为100%和96.25%。结论在检测HCV方面,FQ-PCR比ELISA更具灵敏性和特异性,其结果更加符合患者真实情况,且FQ-PCR检测HCV具有更好的临床应用价值,若两种方法同时使用,则可大大提高临床对丙型肝炎的准确诊断。

Comparative study of FQ-PCR and ELISA for testing HCV

Objective To discuss the difference of fluorescence quantitative PCR（FQ-PCR） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） in detecting hepatitis C virus（HCV）.Methods 60 samples from the inpatients with diagnosed HCV as the observation group and 80 samples of healthy people as the control group were detected HCV-RNA and anti-HCV antibody（HCV-antibody） by FQ-PCR method and ELISA method.Results Among 60 samples in the observation group,FQ-PCR and ELISA detected 54 and 49 positive cases respectively,the positive rates were 90% and 81.67% respectively.Among 80 samples in the control group,FQ-PCR and ELISA detected 80 and 77 negative cases respectively,the negative rates were 100% and 96.25% respectively.Conclusion In the detection of HCV,the FQ-PCR method is more sensitive and specific than ELISA,and the results are more in line with the real situation of the patients.The FQ-PCR method to detect HCV has better value of clinical application.If the two methods are used simultaneously,the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of hepatitis C can be greatly improved.