安徽省不同人群艾滋病知识教育与行为干预研究

目的了解安徽省不同人群艾滋病预防知识掌握情况和相关危险行为,为探索适合不同人群的艾滋病健康教育方法和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法选择宾馆餐饮工作人员、学生、乡镇干部和农民以及出国劳务输出人员为对象共3 258人,开展有针对性的多种形式的健康教育,推广使用安全套等的知识技能并评价效果。结果培训前后不同目标人群艾滋病防治知识知晓状况相差明显,干预前总的艾防基础知识知晓率为53.48%,干预后上升为88.75%。其中宾馆服务人员和在校学生艾滋病防治相关态度符合率由培训前分别由76.10%、87.10%上升到培训后的82.90%和97.90%;培训后较培训前知识知晓状况和安全套的正确操作有大幅提高。结论对不同人群进行艾滋病防治知识态度行为干预和安全套的使用技能培训效果明显,可以逐步推广,但应强化干预,其方法可以进一步探索。

Study of AIDS-related health education and behavior intervention among different populations in Anhui province

Objective To study AIDS-related knowledge and risk behaviors among different populations in Anhui province and provide evidence for exploring the methods of AIDS-related health education suitable for different populations.Methods A total of 1702 hotel and catering workers,students,cadres of villages and towns,farmers and labor abroad were recruited via a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure.Health education was carried out to promote knowledge and use of condoms.Then,education efficacy was evaluated.Results There were significant differences in awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention and control before and after intervention.The awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge ranged from 53.48% before intervention to 88.75% after intervention.The coincidence rate of hotel staff and students＇ attitude towards HIV/AIDS prevention and control rose from 87.1% before to 97.9% after intervention.The rate of knowledge and proper use of condoms increased considerably after training.Conclusion The effectiveness of intervention on AIDS-related knowledge,attitudes and behaviors and training for condom use were obvious,and worthy of spreading gradually.Moreover,intervention should be strengthened,and the method should be further studied to play down role of prevention knowledge,attitudes and behaviors.