广西壮族自治区14辖市卫生资源配置的公平性研究

目的:分析广西壮族自治区辖市卫生资源配置状况及其公平性,为卫生资源配置提供决策依据.方法:采用洛仑兹曲线(Lorenz curve)和基尼系数(Gini coefficient)等方法,对广西壮族自治区14辖市的卫生资源(财政医疗卫生支出、床位、医生、注册护士)在人口和地理配置的公平性进行分析.结果:财政医疗卫生支出、床位、医生和注册护士的人口分布的基尼系数分别为0.340 6、0.445 6、0.367 6和0.404 2,地理分布的基尼系数分别为0.5830、0.584 9、0.540 4和0.581 2.结论:广西壮族自治区辖市卫生资源配置的公平性较差,人口分布的公平性优于地理分布,医生配置公平性优于注册护士,床位配置公平性最差,应进一步加大卫生资源的投入力度,充分发挥政府宏观调控作用,提高卫生资源地理及人口分布的公平性.

The study of equity of the health resource allocation in 14 cities in Guangxi Autonomous Region

Objective： To analyze the equity of the allocation of health resources in 14 cities in Guangxi Autonomous Region. Methods： The equity of the allocation of government health spending, hospital beds, doctors and nurses by population and geography were analyzed by using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient. Results： The Gini coefficient of government health spending, hospital beds, doctors and nurses by population was 0. 340 6,0. 445 6, 0. 367 6 and 0. 404 2 respectively, and the Gini coefficient by geography was 0. 583 0,0. 584 9,0. 540 4 and 0. 581 2 respectively. Conclusion： The equity of medical resources allocation in 14 cities in Guangxi Autonomous is poor, and the equity by population is better than that by geography. The equity of allocation of doctors is better than nurses, and that of hospital beds is the poorest. The government should increase the quantity of health resources and constant- ly improve the allocation equity.