我国4城市儿童少年食用早餐频度和肥胖率关系分析

目的分析我国城市儿童少年食用早餐频度与肥胖率之间的关系，为制定肥胖干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，从广州、上海、济南、哈尔滨等4城市的城区及近郊区抽取4～16岁的儿童少年及家长进行问卷调查，共调查9356名儿童及其家长，同时收集儿童少年的身高、体重资料。结果4城市儿童少年中每周食用早餐7次，5～6次，3．4次，1．2次和0次的比例分别为83．1％，10．6％，3．6％，1．6％和1．1％，其肥胖率依次为11．5％，13．7％，13．7％，13．1％和17．8％。每天食用早餐的儿童少年的肥胖率显著低于每天不吃早餐的儿童少年，不吃早餐的儿童少年发生肥胖的危险是每天食用早餐儿童少年的1．656倍。结论不吃早餐的儿童少年发生肥胖的危险性大于每天食用早餐的儿童少年。不吃早餐是影响儿童肥胖的一个独立危险因素。

The Relationship Between Breakfast Frequency and Obesity Prevalence Among Four Cities in China

Objective To study the relationship between the frequency of breakfast and obesity prevalence, and to provide theoretical basis for developing interventions for obesity prevention.Methods Nine thousand three hundred and fifty-six children (aged 4-16) and their parents were cluster stratified sampled from Guangzhou, Shanghai, Jinan and Harbin. The children's data of height and weight were also collected.Results There were 83.1%, 10.6%, 3.6%, 1.6% and 1.1% of the children who consumed breakfast 7 times, 5-6 times, 3-4 times, 1-2 times and 0 time per week respectively and the prevalence of obesity among them was 11.5%, 13.7%, 13.7%, 13.1% and 17.8%. The risks of obesity prevalence of children who did not have breakfast was 1.656 times more than the ones who had breakfast every day.Conclusion The risks of obesity prevalence for the children who don't have breakfast are more than the ones who have breakfast every day. Breakfast skipping is an independent factor to obesity that can increase risk of obesity.