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Interaction between immunoglobulin allotypes and NK receptor genes in diabetes post-hepatitis C virus infection |
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| Authors: | Granados-Montiel Julio Zúñiga Joaquin Azocar Jose Feris Edmond J Terreros Daniel Larsen Charles E Clavijo Olga P Cruz-Lagunas Alfredo Middleton Derek Alper Chester A Pandey Janardan P Yunis Edmond J |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States b Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico c Northgate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, United States d Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States e Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Transplant Immunology Liverpool L7 8XP, UK f Immune Disease Institute, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, United States g Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States h Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States i Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States |
| Abstract: | Genetic interactions between natural killer (NK) cells immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and immunoglobulin allotypes have been previously reported in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Puerto Rican Americans with a history of intravenous drug use who developed DM following HCV infection (n = 32) were compared to individuals infected with HCV without diabetes (n = 121) and to DM non-infected individuals (n = 95). Subjects were genotyped for KIRs and immunoglobulin allotypes. We found interactions of immunoglobulin allotypes KM3/KM3 with NK inhibitory receptors 2DL3/2DL3, 2DL1 in the absence of 2DS4 associated with susceptibility to DM in HCV infected individuals. These data suggest the possibility that a subset of patients with HCV could have an immune-mediated component contributing to the development of DM. |
| Keywords: | HCV, hepatitis C virus DM, diabetes mellitus T2D, type 2 diabetes NK, natural killer KIR, killer immunoglobulin receptor MHC, major histocompatibility complex HLA, human leukocyte antigen SC, spontaneous clearance CV, chronic viremia PCR, polymerase chain reaction |
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