In vitro cytotoxic screening of selected Saudi medicinal plants |
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Authors: | Almehdar Hussein Abdallah Hossam M Osman Abdel-Moneim M Abdel-Sattar Essam A |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;(2) Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia;(3) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt;(4) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; |
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Abstract: | Many natural products from plants have been identified to exert anticancer activity. It might be expected to be a challenge
to look at the Saudi plants in order to discover new sources for new molecules which may have anticancer activity. The methanolic
extracts of forty species of plants traditionally used in Saudi Arabia for the treatment of a variety of diseases were tested
in vitro for their potential anticancer activity on different human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the methanolic
extracts of the tested plants were determined using three human cancer cell lines, namely, breast cancer (MCF7), hepatocellular
carcinoma (HEPG2), and cervix cancer (HELA) cells. In addition, human normal melanocyte (HFB4) was used as normal nonmalignant
cells. Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the different extracts.
The growth inhibition of 50% (IC50) for each extract was calculated from the optical density of treated and untreated cells. Doxorubicin, a broad-spectrum anticancer
drug, was used as the positive control. Nine plant extracts were chosen for further fractionation based on their activity
and availability. Interesting cytotoxic activity was observed for Hypoestes forskaolii, Withania somnifera, Solanum glabratum, Adenium obesum, Pistacia vera oleoresin, Caralluma quadrangula, Eulophia petersii, Phragmanthera austroarabica, and Asparagus officinalis. Other extracts showed poor activity. |
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