晚期癌症患者家属需求调查表的制定及信效度评价

目的制定晚期癌症患者家属需求调查表，并进行信效度分析。方法通过文献回顾、临床观察、专家咨询及预调查法制定晚期癌症患者家属需求调查表，通过90例小样本调查，进行探索性因素分析对调查表初稿优化，修改后定稿，于2007年7—12月对上海市15所医院共649名自愿参与本研究的晚期癌症住院患者家属进行大样本调查，分析调查表的信度和效度。结果制定的《晚期癌症患者家属需求调查表》包括家属自身健康、医护相关行为、疾病知识、丧葬支持、临终关怀知识、对患者心理支持和对患者症状控制7个纬度共36个需求项目。调查表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0．902，各纬度Cronbach’s α系数为0．785-0．893，验证了调查表的信度。内容效度统计分析显示各项目与总分的相关性均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。因子分析提取7个公因子解释总方差为66．148％，方差最大正交旋转后各项目载荷均大于0．5；各纬度之间、各纬度与总分之间均存在显著的相关性（P〈0．01），充分验证了调查表的结构效度。结论本研究制定的晚期癌症患者家属需求调查表具有较好的信度和效度，可用于我国晚期癌症住院患者家属的需求调查。

Formulation,Reliability and Validity Assessment of Questionnaire about the Needs of Dependents of Advanced Cancer Patients

Objective To explore the formulation of the questionnaire about the needs of the dependents of advanced cancer patients, and the assessment of the reliability and validity of it. Methods The questionnaire was formulated by means of literature review, clinical observation, expert consulting and pre-survey and then was applied on a small sample scale to 90 cases for optimization and revision through Exploratory Factor Analysis. From July to December, 2007, the questionnaire was applied on a large sample scale to 649 dependents of the advanced cancer patients from 15 hospitals in Shanghai for reliability and validity assessment. Results The questionnaire contained 7 aspects including the dependent＇s health condition, medical behavior, knowledge aobut the disease, funeral support, terminal care, pyschological support for the cancer patient, and the control of the disease, 36 items in all. The general Cronbach＇s ot coefficient of this questionnaire was 0.902, and those of the various aspects ranged from 0.785 to 0.893, proving the reliability of the questionnaire. The analysis of the content validity showed there was significant correlation between the various items and the overall score（P〈0.01）. The seven factors in the factor analysis explained 66.148% of the total variance, with the loading of the various items being greater than 0.5 after varimax orthogonal rotation. There existed strong correlation between the various aspects, and between the various aspects and the overall score, proving the structrual validity of the questionnaire. Conclusion The Questionnaire formulated in this study has high reliability and validity, and can be used for survey on the needs of the dependents of advanced cancer patients.