横纹肌肉瘤的影像诊断和病理分析比较

目的:探讨横纹肌肉瘤影像学表现及其与病理学的关系。方法:对34例(男26例,女8例)横纹肌肉瘤的B超、CT、MRI和病理学资料进行回顾性分析。结果:34例中起源于泌尿生殖道12例,腹腔和后腹膜8例,头面颈部6例,四肢6例,躯干2例。B超肿瘤表现为实质性均匀或混杂回声团块影。CT肿块表现为强化的等低密度、稍高密度或混杂密度肿块,有或无局部侵润。MRI T1加权像表现为和软组织等信号或接近等信号,T2加权像表现为高信号,增强后有不同程度强化。病理学上,34例中胚胎型30例,腺泡型2例,多形型2例。结论:横纹肌肉瘤的影像学表现反映其病理改变,但缺乏特异性,在诊断和鉴别中需结合患者的年龄、发生部位等临床资料。

Analysis of diagnostic imaging and pathology of rhabdomyosarcoma

Objective: Rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS) lack characteristic imaging features. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate imaging diagnosis and relationship with pathology. Methods: Ultrasound, CT, MRI and pathologic data of 34 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The original site of the tumor of these 34 patients(male 26, female 8) were: genitourinary tract 12, peritoneum and retroperitoneum 8, head and neck 6, extremities 6 and trunk 2. On B-mode ultrasound, RMS tend to be a solid homogeneous or heterogeneous mass. On CT, RMS appear as an isodense, hypodense or slightly hyperdense mass with or without focal infiltrations. On MRI, typical RMS are isointense or nearly isointense to muscle on T1WI, are hyperintense on T2WI. RMS demonstrate enhancement after injection of contrast medium. The pathologic type of these 34 patients were: embryonal type(n=30), alveolar type(n=2), pleomorphic type(n=2). Conclusions: The diagnostic imaging of RMS are consistent with its pathologic features. The accurate diagnosis highly correlates with the age of the patients and the location of the tumor.