医院感染横断面调查分析

目的通过对医院感染现患率的调查,掌握医院感染的实际情况以及医院感染发生的特点,抗菌药物的使用情况,为医院感染防控提供依据,改进医院感染管理工作。方法采用横断面调查方法,对住院患者进行医院感染和抗菌药物使用情况调查和分析。应查53487人,实查52 524人,实查率98.2%。结果医院感染人次现患率5.41%（2 841/52 524）,例次感染率8.01%（4 207/52 524）,感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位（59%）,ICU、康复医学科、血液科、神经外科为感染高发科室。气管切开、呼吸机的使用等是医院感染的高危因素。结论医院感染发生率、医院感染部位绝对数呈递增态势。抗菌药物使用仍是医院感染控制的重点、难点,另外,对感染高发科室特别是有基础疾病患者重点监控,加强环境的清洁、消毒,严格无菌操作规程,提高医务人员洗手的依从性。

Survey and analysis on incidence of nosocomial infection in a comprehesive hospital

Objective Therough investigation on hospital infection,to learn the actual status of hospital infection and improve hospital infection management work continuously.Methods Via transect investigation,hospitalized patients were investigated on January 2009.Results Total number of patients is 52524 among which there are 2841 cases of hospital infection.The prevalence rate of hospital infection is 5.41%.Cases of respiratory tract infection is No.1 among all infections cases the percentage of it reaches 59%.The high risk departments are neurosurgery,rehabilitation and ICU departments.The high risk factors are tracheotomy,intraurethral cannula and use of respirators.Conclusion The key monitoring targets are patients with basic disease of high risk departments.Keep the hospital environment clean and sterilized.Strictly conform to aseptic technique.Doctors and nurses should wash hands aftereach treatment.Adm inistration of the appropriate antim icrobial drug may be successful in removing evidence of hospital infection.