376例医院感染病例分析及干预措施

目的：了解医院感染类型和分布，探讨其易感因素，指导临床采取相应控制措施，降低医院感染的发生。方法：对医院2010年1月-2012年12月的59099病例进行回顾性调查，并对医院感染相关因素进行分析。结果：医院感染376例，与年龄、住院天数、基础疾病、手术等侵入性操作因素有关，年龄＆gt;61岁占59.04%，住院2～4周的医院感染率达71.28%，接受侵入性操作占78.7%；医院感染部位，呼吸道占71.27%；医院感染病原菌主要为条件致病菌，以革兰阴性菌为主，占66.09%。结论：年龄大、住院时间长、基础疾病、侵入性操作、免疫功能低下是发生医院感染的高危因素，对此采取相应控制措施可有效降低医院感染的发生。

An analysis of 376 cases of nosocomial infection and interference measures

Objective：To understand nosocomial infection types and distribution, explore the infectibility factors, take the relevant dominating measures and reduce the occurrence of infection. Methods： The medical cases of 59099 patients were retrospectively investigated and the relevant elements of nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results：There were 376 cases of nosocomial infection, the related factors included the age, hospital days, primary diseases, operation and other invasive procedures. The infection rates were as follows：the cases above 61 years old （59.04%）, 2~4 weeks in hospital （71.28%）, invasive procedures （78.7%）. The nosocomial infection sites were as follows： respiratory tract （71.27%）; The hospital infectious pathogens were mainly Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, accounting for 66.09%. Conclusion： The high risk elements of nosocomial infection included old age, primary diseases, invasive procedures, long hospitalization days and low immunity function. Thus we could take corresponding steps to reduce effectively the occurrence of nosocomial infection.