泌尿外科住院患者医院感染的特征分析

目的 探讨泌尿外科患者医院感染的临床特征及对策.方法 采用回顾性调查的方法,统计泌尿外科医院感染发生率、感染部位、病原菌检查结果、感染对预后的影响、感染的高危因素.结果 医院感染发生率9.30%;泌尿道43例,下呼吸道16例,上呼吸道4例,切口感染10例,胃肠道(抗生素相关性腹泻)6例,口腔1例;标本病原学送检率为88.75%,检出病原菌76.05%,大肠埃希菌20株、肺炎克雷伯菌8株、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌6株、铜绿假单胞菌5株、肠球菌属4株、普通变形菌3株、金黄色葡萄球菌2株、白色假丝酵母菌6株;高龄、合并基础疾病、实施留置尿管、留置尿管时间长、手术时间长是医院感染的危险因素,预防应用抗菌药物不能降低医院感染;感染组死亡率3.75%,高于非感染组的0.38%(P<0.05).结论 泌尿外科患者医院感染率较高,与多种因素有关,对预后有不良影响,应健全管理机制、完善规章制度、加强监控力度控制其感染发生.

Clinical Characteristic of Hospital Infections in Patients of Urological Surgery

OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical characteristics of hospital infection and countermeasures urological surgery patients. METHODS The retrospective survey methods, statistical urology hospital infection rates, infection site, pathogen test results, the impact of infection on the prognosis and the risk factors for infection were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence of hospital infection was 9.30% and the infection sites were urinary tract (43), lower respiratory tract (16), upper respiratory tract (4), wound infection (10), gastrointestinal tract (antibiotic-associated diarrhea) (6) and oral cavity (1). The main pathogens (detection rate 76.05 %) were Escherichia coli 20 cases, Klebsiella pneumoniae (8), coagulase-negative staphylococci in (6), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (5), En-terococcus (4), Proteus vulgaris (3), Staphylococcus aureus (2) and Candida albicans (6). The Older, the combined underlying diseases, the implementation of indwelling catheter, especially with a long time and long operation time, and hospital infections were the risk factors. Preventive use of antibiotics could not reduce hospital infections; The dead rate (3.75%) in infection group was higher than that in non-infected group (0.38%, P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hospital infection rates are higher among urology patients, and a variety of factors have adverse effects on prognosis, it should be a sound management mechanism and improve the rules and regulations, stepping up surveillance efforts to control their infection.