孕妇对母乳喂养自信心及其影响因素的研究

目的分析孕妇对母乳喂养自信心现状及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的基本资料问卷、中文版母乳喂养自信心量表和社会支持量表,对2009年9月至12月在厦门市3所三级甲等医院产科门诊随访的201例孕妇进行母乳喂养自信心及其影响因素研究。结果孕妇对母乳喂养自信心平均水平为(3.50±0.68)分。母乳喂养间接经验、决定时间、爱人对母乳喂养的态度和社会支持度是孕妇对母乳喂养自信心的主要影响因素,其中社会支持对母乳喂养的态度影响最大。结论孕妇对母乳喂养自信心有待提高,护理工作者要充分利用母乳喂养间接经验的模范示范作用,尽早开展以家庭为中心的母乳喂养宣教,并为孕妇提供广泛的社会支持,提高孕妇对母乳喂养的自信心,从而提高母乳喂养率和延长母乳喂养时间。

Research of the breastfeeding self-efficacy and its influencing factors among pregnant women

Objective To describe the breastfeeding self - efficacy of pregnant women in Xiamen City and identify its influencing factors. Methods Totally, 201 pregnant women followed - up by obstetric clinics in three 3 A - level hospitals were recruited and investigated with a self - designed basic information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Breastfeeding Self - Efficacy Scale, and the Social Support Scale from September to December 2009. Results The mean score of breastfeeding self- efficacy of pregnant women was （3.50 ± 0.68）. Breastfeeding indirect experiences, the decision time, the attitude of husbands to breastfeeding, and the social support level were the main influencing factors, of which the attitude of husbands had the greatest factor. Conclusion It is necessary to improve the self - efficacy of pregnant women. The nurses should take advantage of the exemplary role modeling of indirect breastfeeding experiences, apply the family - efficacy breastfeeding education, and provide comprehensive social supports for pregnant women,to improve their self -efficacy, thus promoting the rates and duration of brcastfeeding.