内耳色素对爆震性听损伤保护作用的实验观察

目的　探讨内耳色素与爆震性听损伤的关系。方法　利用耳蜗铺片、石蜡切片、透射电镜及扫描电镜观察爆震前后白化豚鼠和杂色豚鼠耳蜗形态结构的变化 ,并对爆震前后白化豚鼠和杂色豚鼠听性脑干反应(ABR)反应阈进行测定。结果　白化豚鼠的耳蜗形态损伤和听功能损伤均较杂色豚鼠严重。结论　爆震后白化豚鼠耳蜗形态学损伤及ABR反应阈的改变均较杂色豚鼠明显。提示内耳血管纹色素颗粒与爆震性内耳损伤有关 ,机理可能为色素颗粒参与调节爆震后内淋巴液中钙离子浓度的平衡及参与清除爆震后耳蜗产生的氧自由基

Protective effect of the inner ear melanin on blast deafness

Objective To determine the relationship between blast deafness and pigmentation. Methods The cochlear structure changes of albino and pigmented guinea pigs by cochlear surface preparations, cochlear paraffin sections, stria vascularies transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and the alterations of hearing function were studied. Results Pathological changes in cochlear were more obvious in albino guinea pigs than in pigmented ones. The ABR threshold shifts in these two groups were greatly different. Conclusion The inner ear stria vascularis melanin is related to blast deafness. The mechanism seems to be that the melanin participates in the maintenance of the endolymphatic calcium balance and the clearing of the cochlear radical oxygen species.