新生儿感染耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌的药敏分析

目的:探索致新生儿感染的耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)流行病学及常见10种抗菌药物敏感性。方法:按《全国临床检验操作规程》鉴定细菌,玻片法血浆凝固酶试验,K－B扩散法药敏试验。结果:分离出葡萄球菌323株,其中金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)55株,耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)14株(25．5%),表皮葡萄球菌 171株,耐甲氧西林表葡菌(MRSE)102株(59,6%),腐生葡萄球菌97株,耐甲氧西林腐生葡菌(MRSS)52株(53．6%),院内感染株中 MRS所占比例明显高于甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌(MS),x~2=3.978,P＝0.046。对氨苄西林、青霉素及红霉素总耐药率分别为86.8%、84.6%及68.9%,而对万古霉素及头孢唑啉总耐药率分别仅为6.7%(7/140)及11.3%(26/231),万古霉素对全部SA、甲氧西林敏感表葡菌(MSSE)、甲氧西林敏感腐生葡菌(MSSS)均敏感,MRS对青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢哇啉、头孢呋辛、头孢他啶、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、诺氟沙星及万古霉素的耐药率较MSS明显增高(P＜0.01)。结论:新生儿耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌易引起医院感染,其耐药性明显,值得高度重视．

Antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus isolated from the neonates with infections

Objective: To explore the epidemiology of the neonatal infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylocoecus(MRS) and susceptibility to 10 kinds of antimicrobial. Methods: Identifications of bacteria were performed by using the method of manual of clinieal microbiology, disk diffusion tests were done for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: Three hundred and twenty three Slaphylocoeeal spp strains were isolated in our neonatal ward, including 55 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) of which there were 14 strains (25. 5 % ) of methieilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), 171 strains of Slaphylococcus epidermidis among which there were 102 strains (59. 6 % ) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis(MRSE), and 97 strains of Staphylococcus saprophylicus comprising 52 strains (53. 6 % ) of methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus saprophyticus(MRSS) . There were significantly higher proportions of noscomial strains in MRS than in milhicillin-susceptive Slaphylococcal app , with x2 = 3. 978, P = 0. 046. In all of the isolates , the risislanl rates to ampieillin, penieillin and erythromycin were 86. 8 %, 84. 6 % and 68. 9 %, respectively, whereas to vancomycin and cefazoline were only 6.7 % (7/104)and 11.3% (26/231), respectively. All of SA, mithicillin - sucseplive Staphylococcus epidermidis(MSSE)and milhicillin -sucseptive Staphylococcus saprophylicus(MSSS) to vancomycin were sensiliv. The resistant rales to penicillin, ampicillin, cefazoline , eefurox-ime, ceftazidine, gentamycin, amikacin, norfloxacin and vancomycin were significantly higner in MRS than MSS(P <0. 01). Conclusions: MRS were easy to cause nosocomial infections of newborns and resistant to many kinds of antimicrobials in the reginon involved.