麻疹野病毒的分离鉴定及病毒分离的影响因素

目的确定吉林省近年流行的麻疹病毒基因型，分析麻疹野病毒分离的影响因素，为防控措施的制定及做好麻疹病原学检测提供参考依据。方法利用Vero／Slam细胞对114份麻疹咽喉拭子标本进行麻疹病毒分离，用逆转录一聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性分析方法扩增麻疹病毒核酸并进行基因型鉴定；统计分析不同采样时问、不同咽试子保存液对麻疹病毒分离的影响。结果114份麻疹咽喉拭子标本中分离到麻疹病毒31株，经鉴定均为H1基因型，出疹2d内的标本分离率较高，为38．09％。2％DMEM维持液作为咽拭子保存液的病毒分离成功率为30．69％。0．9％生理盐水作为保存液的病毒分离率为0。结论H1基因型麻疹病毒为吉林省近年流行的主要优势基因型，麻疹病毒的成功分离取决于采样时间、好的标本质量以及正确标本保存液。

Isolation of Wild Type Measles Virus and its Influence Factors

Objective To determine the genotype of measles virus which circulated in Jilin province within recent years, analyze the influence factors on measles virus isolation for setting down the measures of prevention and control and to provide the reference basis on the pathogenic detection of measles. Methods The Vero/Slam cell were used to isolate the measles virus on the 114 swab samples and the RT - PCR - RFLP method was used to identify the nucleic acid of measles virus and genotype of measles virus. Influence of different sampling time and different swab preserving liquids on the measles virus isolation was analyzed. Results 31 strains of measles virus were isolated from 114 swab samples and the isolation rate was higher（ 38.09% ） of the swab samples which collected within 2 days after rash occurrence. The isolation rate of measles virus was 30. 69% by 2% DMEM as swab preserving liquid and 0% by0. 9% salt as swab preserving liquid. Conelusion H1 genotype of measles virus is the main genotype which circulated in Jilin province. The successful isolation of measles virus depends on sampling time, good sample quality and right sample preserving liquid.