DNA甲基化在眼科疾病中的研究进展

DNA甲基化作为表观遗传修饰的重要形式，通过调控基因表达，在疾病发生发展中发挥重要作用。近年来，随着DNA甲基化研究的迅速开展、检测技术的不断提升，DNA甲基化修饰已成为探究疾病发病机制及探寻新的治疗方案的重要方法； 眼科不同亚专业疾病在DNA甲基化的基础研究方面也取得了很多突破，包括角膜上皮的修复、结膜上皮的细胞黏附与异常的基质重塑、眼组织纤维化与青光眼、氧化应激和炎症反应与细胞损伤、不同DNA甲基化水平与眼部肿瘤的关系等。本文旨在通过对不同眼科疾病DNA甲基化调控机制的相关研究进行概述，为眼病发病机制的研究、筛查、诊断及预防提供新思路。

Research progress on DNA methylation in ocular diseases

DNA methylation, as an important form of epigenetic modification, plays vital roles in the occurrence and development of diseases by regulating gene expression. In recent years, with the rapid development of DNA methylation research and the continuous updates of the detection method,it is reported that DNA methylation has become an important way to explore the pathogenesis of various diseases and new treatment methods.Many breakthroughs have been made in the basic research of DNA methylation in different ophthalmological diseases, including corneal epithelium repair, cell adhesion and abnormal matrix remodeling of conjunctival epithelium, ocular fibrosis and glaucoma, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and cell damage, the relationship between different DNA methylation levels and ocular tumors, etc. This review aims to provide a new idea for the pathogenesis, examination, diagnosis and prevention of different ocular diseases by summarizing the relevant studies on the regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation in ophthalmological diseases.