The design of X ray equipment for use in operating rooms

X rays have been employed frequently during orthopaedic surgery. Recent developments in epuipment designed for use in the operating room have increased demand for X ray apparatus as a valuable aid for other kinds of surgery. Alongside the growing demand for both preoperative fluoroscopic examinations and the production of radiographs while the patient is in the operating room, there is an increase in demand for more advanced X ray facilities. Higher X-ray power, larger field size of the image intensifier and better sterility are the main facilities asked for by the surgeon. The advantages and disadvantages of permanently installed X ray units are discussed; the advantages and disadvantages of higher electrical power and the application of large-screen image intensifiers are also examined. Some hints are given on planning X ray equipment for the operating room and on how to solve the problems associated with the processing and reading of films.