In vitro comparison of standard and knotless metal suture anchors |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, China;2. Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, International College, University of Chinese Academy of Science (IC-UCAS), Chaoyang, China;3. Department of General Surgery, the General Hospital of Chinese People''s Armed Police Forces, Beijing, China;1. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;2. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, East Carolina Heart Institute at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina;1. Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden;2. Department of Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden;1. Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A;2. Orthopaedic Specialists of the Carolinas, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A;3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, U.S.A |
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Abstract: | Purpose: Clinical experience after failed Knotless suture anchor (Mitek, Westwood, MA) fixations suggested that the Knotless anchor provides considerably less fixation stability than a standard metal anchor. The purpose of this study was to analyze soft tissue fixation to bone comparing a standard and a Knotless metal suture anchor. Type of Study: In vitro study. Methods: The Mitek GII and Mitek Knotless suture anchors were tested on 7 human cadaveric fresh-frozen glenoids. The anchors were inserted into the glenoid rims, and the sutures of the anchors were fixed to a metal hook attached to the cross-head of a testing machine. Cyclic loading was performed. The gap formation between the metal hook and the glenoid rim, the ultimate failure loads and the modes of failure were determined. Results: The mean gap formation was significantly greater for the Knotless anchor (3.8 ± 1.4 mm) than for the GII anchor (2.4 ± 0.5 mm) after 25 cycles with 50 N repeated load (P = .04). The largest gap of a Knotless fixation was 5.3 mm compared with 3.0 mm for the GII. The ultimate failure load was not significantly different for the Knotless anchor (179 N) and for the GII anchor (129 N). Both anchors failed by either rupture of the suture material or by pullout of the anchors. Conclusions: The GII anchor allows significantly less displacement than the Knotless anchor. Ultimate tensile strength and mode of failure are similar. Greater displacement results in larger gap formation between the soft tissue and the bone. This might weaken and jeopardize the repair. Clincial Relevance: If reattached soft tissues are subjected to postoperative loading, gap formation may result when using the Knotless anchor. For these conditions, suture fixation with knots may be used instead. |
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