老年原发性高血压微量清蛋白尿的相关因素分析

目的:探讨老年原发性高血压(agedpatients with essential hypertension,EH)患者微量清蛋白尿(micro-albumin uria,MAU)与内皮依赖性舒张功能(endothelium-dependentrelaxing function,EDF)及颈总动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法:筛选老年EH患者64例,根据24h尿清蛋白排泄率分成正常清蛋白尿组(NAU组)和微量清蛋白尿组(MAU组)。另设30例非EH老年人为对照组(NC组)。采用免疫比浊法测定24h尿清蛋白含量;采用彩色多普勒超声检测肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能、颈总动脉内-中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)及其粥样斑块指数(plagueindex,PI)。结果:(1)与NC组EDF(9.09±1.83)%]比较,NAU组(6.31±1.14)%]及MAU组(4.98%±1.35)%]均明显降低(均P<0.05),尤以MAU组明显。(2)MAU组颈总动脉IMT(0.97±0.19)mm]及NAU组IMT(0.86±0.10)mm]均较NC组IMT(0.78±0.13)mm]增厚(均P<0.05),以MAU组增厚更为明显。(3)多因素逐步回归分析表明,影响高血压患者尿微量清蛋白尿的因素从大到小依次为内皮依赖性舒张功能、颈总动脉IMT、颈动脉斑块指数和收缩压。结论:老年EH患者存在EDF受损和颈总动脉粥样硬化,MAU的发生与EDF的降低及IMT的增厚程度密切相关。

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria and endothelial-dependent relaxing function and atherosclerosis of common carotid artery (CCA) in aged patients with essential hypertension (EH). METHODS: Sixty-four aged EH patients were recruited. According to the albumin excretion rate (AER) in the urine measured by immunoturbidimetry, patients were divided into 2 groups: normoalbuminuria group (NAU group) and microalbuminuria group (MAU group). Thirty aged persons without EH were served as the control group. The endothelium-dependent relaxing function of blood vessels, intima-media thickness (IMT) and the plaque of CCA were measured by color Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: The flow-mediated dilation in the MAU group (4.98+/-1.35)%] and that in the NAU group (6.31+/-1.14)%] were significantly lower than that in the control group (9.09+/-1.83)%, P<0.05, respectively], especially lower in the MAU group. The IMT of CCA in the MAU group (0.97+/-0.19)mm] and that in the NAU group (0.86+/-0.10)mm] were significantly thicker than that in the control group (0.78+/-0.13)mm] (P<0.05, respectively), especially thicker in the MAU group. The analysis of multiple stepwise regression showed that the microalbuminuria was successively related to EDF, the IMT of CCA, the plaque index of CCA, systolic blood pressure, etc. CONCLUSION: EDF is impaired, and there is the atherosclerosis of CCA in aged patients with EH. Microalbuminuria correlates with the decrease of endothelium-dependent relaxing function and the IMT of CCA in aged patients with EH.