口腔脱落细胞微核技术在丙烯腈接触人群中的应用

目的探讨口腔脱落细胞微核技术在接触丙烯腈人群遗传损伤监护中的应用价值。方法选择生产过程中接触不同浓度丙烯腈的2个工厂工人为接触组,按空气中丙烯腈浓度高低分为低浓度组(41名男性工人)和中浓度组(47名男性工人),另选择不接触任何毒物的男性工人31名为对照组,分别进行口腔黏膜脱落细胞微核和外周血淋巴细胞微核测试。结果2个丙烯腈接触组的口腔黏膜脱落细胞微核率(低浓度组:3.68‰±2.72‰;中浓度组:4.00‰±2.38‰)明显高于对照组(2.03‰±2.20‰),中浓度接触组的血淋巴细胞微核率(4.23‰±3.34‰)明显高于对照组(2.48‰±1.46‰),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在丙烯腈接触人群中,口腔黏膜脱落细胞微核试验和外周血淋巴细胞微核试验有相关关系(r=0.299~0.359,P<0.05)。结论在丙烯腈接触人群遗传损伤监护时,可用口腔黏膜脱落细胞微核试验代替外周血淋巴细胞微核试验作为筛查指标之一。

Appliotion of micronucleus test of buccal mucosal cells in assessing the genetic damage of workers exposed to acrylonitrile

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of micronucleus test of buccal mucosal cells in monitoring the genetic effect of acrylonitrile in the population exposed to the acrylonitrile. METHODS: Forty-one healthy male workers in a chemical factory in Shanghai were selected as the low concentration acrylonitrile exposed group while forty-seven healthy male workers in an acrylonitrile factory in Shanghai were selected as the intermediate concentration acrylonitrile exposed group. At the same time, thirty-one male workers who had no toxicant exposure and lived in the same community were selected as the control group. The micronucleus test in buccal mucosal cells and lymphocytes were used respectively for assessing the genetic damage status of these men. RESULTS: The rate of micronucleus in buccal mucosal cells in both acrylonitrile groups (the low concentration group: 3.68% +/- 2.72%; the intermediate concentration group: 4.00% +/- 2.38%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (2.03% +/- 2.20%) (P < 0.05). The rate of micronucleus in the intermediate concentration group (4.23% +/- 3.34%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (2.48% +/- 1.46%) (P < 0.05). There was the correlation between the micronucleus test of buccal mucosal cells and the micronucleus test of the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood in the acrylonitrile exposed population (r = 0.299-0.359, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The micronucleus test of buccal mucosal cells replacing the micronucleus test of the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood can be used as one of the screening indexes in the surveillance of the genetic damage in the acrylonitrile exposed population.