闸北区某小学水痘疫情暴发流行病学特征及其防控

目的通过对某小学水痘疫情暴发的流行病学调查分析，为有效预防控制水痘疫情提供科学依据和成功经验。方法采用上海市水痘疫情暴发统一调查表，对该小学水痘患者进行流行病学调查分析，总结治疗、预防控制本病的经验。结果全校共508名学生，有29人患水痘（患病率为5．7％），疫情历时48d；其中发病人数中有预防接种水痘疫苗史的19人（占发病总数的65．5％）；全部水痘患者及时康复，无1例出现并发症，及时控制了疫情。结论某社区或单位发生水痘疫情时，及时报告，采取积极的防控措施，监测接触者，是有效防控的关键，以利社区人群的平安。

Epidemiological characteristics and prevention of chickenpox outbreak in one primary school of zhabei district

Objective To provide the scientific basis and successful experience for the effective prevention and control of varicella disease through the epidemiological investigation of a Chickenpox outbreak in a primary school. Methods We used the unified Chickenpox outbreak survey to investigate the epidemiological characteristics in one primary School in Shanghai, then analyzed and summarized the experience during the treatment, prevention and control of the disease. Results 29/508 students were suffering from chickenpox （prevalence rate 5.7%）, the epidemic lasted for 48d; in which 19 students had the history of vaccine immunization （accounting for 65.5% of the total incidence）; all the patients rehabilitated in time, and no patient suffered from complications, and the epidemic was timely controlled. Conclusions It is important to report the epidemic and take the positive control measures when the Chickenpox outbreak is found in one community or unit. Contacts monitoring is the key of the effective control.