Differences in the collateralization of neuronal projections from the dorsal column nuclei and lateral cervical nucleus to the thalamus and tectum in the cat: An anatomical study using two different double-labeling techniques

The dorsal column nuclei (DCN) and the lateral cervical nucleus (LCN) project to the diencephalon and tectum. In order to determine which neurons project to these targets and whether any of them have collateral projections, the double-retrograde labeling techniques developed by Hayes and Rustioni¹⁷ and Kuypers et al.²² were used.Both strategies produced similar results. Within DCN, neurons which projected to the diencephalon were located differently and had a different morphology than those which projected to the tectum. The diencephalic-projecting neurons, which were preferentially located within the middle part of the DCN complex were mainly large (> 15 μm diameter) and round. The tectal-projecting neurons, often located along the edges of the gracile and cuneate nuclei or between them, were most often found outside of the middle parts of the DCN complex (i.e. predominantly rostrally and frequently also caudally). These tectal-projecting neurons varied in size and were usually oval or fusiform in shape.In contrast to DCN, neurons in LCN which projected either to the tectum or diencephalon did not differ morphologically and in both groups were of various sizes and shapes. They were intermixed haphazardly, predominantly within the lateral two-thirds of the nucleus. In addition, another class of neurons, constituting more than 40% of the labeled population in some experiments, had collateral projections to both terminal targets. These double-labeled neurons were haphazardly mixed with other labeled neurons.These results demonstrate differences in the divergence patterns of DCN and LCN neurons. Considering these anatomical results together with the electrophysiological results of other investigators, it appears likely that DCN neurons which have different projections may also have different functional properties. The evidence for LCN neurons, however, is not consistent with such a suggestion.