1996～2002年福建省尘肺死亡情况分析

目的 了解福建省尘肺病死亡情况,为加强尘肺病人管理,落实并完善尘肺患者的医疗预防措施提供依据.方法 对福建省1996～2002年报告的尘肺死亡病例的死因、病种、工业分布、工种分布、接尘工龄等情况进行分析.结果 尘肺为死因的第1位,矽肺占死亡总数的95.2%,机械、煤炭、铁道和有色金属系统的死亡病例合计占尘肺死亡总数的93.6%,死亡病例的工种分布以凿岩工和主掘进工居多（66.1%、24.2%）,死亡病例的接尘工龄≤3和＞20a的比重相似（21．0％、22．6％）。结论 尘肺死亡情况中矽肺是关键因素。应加强矽肺病人，尤其是发病工龄短的矽肺病人的健康管理；加强发生短接尘工龄矽肺用人单位的职业卫生监督。

Analysis on the Death of Pneumoconiosis Patients in Fujian Province 1996

Objective] To learn the death of the pneumoconiosis patients in Fujian and provide basis for improving medical preventive measures against pneumoconiosis. Methods] Analysis was carried out on the causes of death, disease categories, industrial distribution and length of dust exposure of the death cases of Fujian province from 1996 to 2002. Results] Pneumoconiosis was in the first place among all the causes of death; silicosis occupied 95.2% of the total death number. 93.6% of the pneumoconiosis death cases were from the field of mechanism, coalmine, railroad and colored metal. The works of the death cases were mainly rock-chiseling (66.1%) and digging (24.2%). 21.0% of the death cases had a length of dust exposure less than 3a, while 22.6% of them more than 20a. Conclusion] Silicosis is a key factor among pneumoconiosis death cases. Hygienic supervision should be strengthened especially on the pneumoconiosis patients with short length of dust exposure.