Cytokines in human milk: Properties and potential effects upon the mammary gland and the neonate |
| |
| Authors: | Armond S Goldman Sadhana Chheda Roberto Garofalo Frank C Schmalstieg |
| |
| Institution: | (1) The Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 77555-0369 Galveston, Texas;(2) Division of Immunology/Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Rm. 2.360, 301 University Boulevard, 77555-0369 Galveston, Texas |
| |
| Abstract: | Epidemiologic and immunologic studies of breastfed and nonbreastfed infants and investigations of certain biologic activities in human milk led to the identification of immunomodulating agents in human milk. Among them were the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1); IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), tumor necrosis factor- , interferon- , epithelial growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor- (TGF-), and TGF-2. Inteferon- may originate from T cells in milk; EGF, TGF-, TGF-, M-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 may be produced by mammary gland epithelium. Based upon their known functions, we hypothesize that cytokines influence the development and immunologic function of the mammary gland and the neonate. Thosein vivo functions remain to be defined by future investigations. |
| |
| Keywords: | Human milk mammary gland cytokines immunology infancy |
| 本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
|
