A glossary of circulating cytokines in chronic heart failure |
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| Authors: | Adamopoulos S Parissis J T Kremastinos D T |
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| Affiliation: | Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Zinonos 9, Halandri, 15234, Athens, Greece. elbee@ath.forthnet.gr |
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| Abstract: | Recent studies have emphasized the importance of biologically active molecules, termed cytokines, in the development and progression of the syndrome of chronic heart failure. This article summarizes a glossary of major cytokines and other cytokine-related inflammatory factors implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure, describing the source of their synthesis and factors regulating their secretion and analyzing their biologic effects on the cardiovascular system. |
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| Keywords: | chronic heart failure cytokines inflammatory factors immune activation |
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