2010～2015年桂林地区腹泻儿童A群轮状病毒感染流行特点

目的：了解桂林地区2010～2015年腹泻儿童 A 群轮状病毒（RV-A）的流行病学特点。方法收集2010～2015年该院收治的包括门诊和住院的5岁及以下儿童腹泻大便标本，采用免疫胶体金技术对标本进行 RV-A 抗原检测。结果2010～2015年桂林地区腹泻儿童 RV-A 总感染率为21．75％，2010～2015年检出率分别为36．13％、35．35％、24．82％、22．41％、13．85％、10．15％；0～＜6个月、6个月至小于1岁、1～＜2岁、2～＜3岁、3～＜4岁、4～5岁患儿 RV-A 感染率分别为11．84％、32．54％、40．52％、23．39％、19．51％、9．27％，其中1～＜2岁组的阳性率最高；11、12、1月的检出率分别为27．98％、36．91％、29．54％，与其他月份的检出率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 RV-A 是桂林地区5岁及以下儿童腹泻的主要病原体之一，其感染具有性别、年龄和季节差异，感染高峰期在秋、冬季节，尤其在11、12、1月，6个月至小于2岁儿童为 RV-A 感染高危人群，应着重做好 RV-A 感染的预防工作。

Epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus infection among diarrhea children in Guilin from 2010 to 2015

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of group A rotavirus(RV-A) infection among diarrhea chil-dren in Guilin from 2010 to 2015 .Methods Stool samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with five or younger than five years old ,who were suffering from acute diarrhea and admitted in the 181st Hospital of PLA from 2010 to 2015 .Rotavirus anti-gens in stool specimens were determined by immune colloidal gold reagent .Results The total detection rate of RV-A was 21 .75%in children with diarrhea in Guilin from 2010 to 2015 .Annual infection rates of RV-A from 2010 to 2015 were 36 .13% ,35 .35% , 24 .82% ,22 .41% ,13 .85% and 10 .15% .The infection rates of RV-A in children at 0 - < 6 month ,6 month - < 1 year old ,1 - <2 years old ,2 - < 3 years old ,3 - < 4 years old ,4 - 5 years old were 11 .84% ,32 .54% ,40 .52% ,23 .39% ,19 .51% and 9 .27% .The positive rate of 1 - < 2 years old group was the highest compared with other age groups .In November ,December and January ,the positive rates were 27 .98% ,36 .91% ,29 .54% respectively ,and compared with the positive rates in other months ,there were statis-tically significant differences(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion RV-A the major pathogen of acute diarrhea among children with five or youn-ger than five years old in Guilin ,which shows gender ,age and season differences on infection rate .Children aged 0 .5 to younger than 2 years old are susceptible to be infected by RV-A in autumn and winter ,especially in January ,November and December ,so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of RV-A infection .