大鼠坐骨神经缺损后组织工程人工神经对外周靶器官及脊髓神经元的保护作用

目的 研究嗅球成鞘细胞(olfactory ensheathing cell,OEC)-雪旺细胞(Schwann cell,SC)-细胞外基质成分(extracellular matrix,ECM)-聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸共聚物poly(DLlactide-co-glycolide acid),PLGA]桥接体对大鼠坐骨神经缺损后外周靶器官及脊髓神经元的保护作用.方法 建立SD大鼠右侧坐骨神经15 mm缺损模型后,用OEC、SC、ECM以及自行制备的PLGA导管,构成OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA桥接体进行修复,同时设OEC-ECM-PLGA组、SC-ECM-PLGA组、ECM-PLGA组、PLGA组和自体神经移植对照组.在术后1,3,6,9周行腓肠肌湿重恢复率及运动终板检测,并于术后9周行CM-Dil和霍乱毒素B亚单位-辣根过氧化物酶(CB-HRP)逆行示踪检测.结果 术后各组动物术侧腓肠肌湿莺和运动终板数量下降,3周后除ECM-PLGA组和PLGA组外,腓肠肌湿重和运动终板数量逐渐增加.9周时OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA组腓肠肌湿重、运动终板数量及运动终板长轴长度与自体神经移植组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).9周时CM-DiI和CB-HRP逆行示踪结果显示,OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA组标记的脊髓前角运动神经元数量与自体神经移植组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA桥接体对大鼠坐骨神经缺损后的外周靶器官及脊髓神经元具有一定的保护作用.

Protective effect of tissue-engineered artificial nerve on peripheral target organ and spinal cord neurons after rat sciatic nerve defect

Objective To explore the protective effect of olfactory ensheathing cell(OEC)Schwann cell(SC)-extracellular matrix(ECM)-poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide acid)(PLGA)bridging complex on peripheral target organ and spinal cord neurons after rat sciatic nerve defect.Methods A 15 mm right sciatic nerve defect model was established in SD rats and repaired with OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA bridging complex that contained OEC,SC,ECM and self-made PLGA conduit.At the same time,the study set OEC-ECM-PLGA group,SC-ECM-PLGA group,ECM-PLGA group,PLGA group and nerve autograft control group.At 1,3,6 and 9 weeks after surgery,the gastrocnemius muscle water weight test and motor end-plate test were performed.At the 9th week after surgery,CM-DiI and horseradish peroxidase(HRP)retrograde tracing were performed.Results The gastrocnemius muscle water weight and number of motor end-plate were decreased in all groups after surgery but gradually increased after three weeks except for ECM-PLGA group and PLGA group.At the 9th week,OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA group showed no statistical differences with nerve autograft group in aspects of gastrocnemius muscle water weight,number of motor end-plate and length of motor end-plate major axis(P ＞ 0.05).At the 9th week,CM-DiI and HRP retrograde tracing found that the number of positive neurons in spinal cord in OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA group showed no statistical differences compared with nerve autograft group(P ＞0.05).Conclusions OEC-SC-ECM-PLGA bridging complex can partially protect peripheral target organ and spinal cord neurons after rat sciatic nerve defect.