泌尿系统感染的病原菌分布及耐药分析

目的:连续监测2005年至2007年医院泌尿系统感染病原菌的种类及对抗生素的耐药性,为临床经验性使用抗生素提供依据。方法:统计分析2005年1月1日至2007年12月31日医院门诊及住院患者的尿培养及药敏结果。结果:3年间尿培养总计345例,检出病原菌187株,平均阳性率54.2%,其中G-菌占56.1%,G+菌占28.3%,真菌占15.5%;泌尿系统感染的病原菌以大肠埃希氏菌、其他肠杆菌和葡萄球菌、真菌为主。在检出病原菌中,大多数G-菌对第三代头孢菌素、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类抗生素敏感;G+菌对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、哌拉西林显示出较高的敏感性。结论:依据病原学鉴定及抗生素敏感性资料,选择经验性抗生素,控制感染,并减少新的耐药菌株的出现。

Distribution and Antibacterial Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective Continue to analyze the category and antibacterial resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection and provid the evidence for antibiotic using in clinics from 2005 to 2007.Methods To statistically analyze the results of cultivation and susceptibility test of patients' phlegm samples from out-patient clinic and inpatient department during Jan 1,2005 to Jan 12,2007.Results 345 phlegm samples and isolated 187 strain pathogenic bacteria were cultivated,the positive rate was 54.2%;Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 56.13%,Gram-positive bacteria for 28.3%and fungi for 15.5%.The major pathogenic bacteria included E.coli,Enterobacteriaceae,Staphyllococcus and Fungi,and the ratio of Staphyllococcus was increasing in recent years.In these isolated pathogenic bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to cephalosporin,quinolone and aminoglycosides,and Gram-positive bacteria showed high susceptibility to vancomycin,nitrofurantoin,piperacillin.Conclusion According to the data of the bacteria pathology and antibiotics susceptivity,we can select antibiotcs reasonnably to control the infection and decrease the emergency of new drug-resistant bacteria.