嚼口香糖对个体学习和记忆的积极影响

目的 考察嚼口香糖对个体学习和记忆的影响.方法 以小学生为对象进行了两个集体性实验研究,实验一用修订韦氏记忆量表中的故事回忆分测验为材料,考查在学习和回忆阶段嚼或不嚼12香糖所产生的不同效应;实验二考查嚼口香糖对个体字词和算术测试的影响.结果 嚼口香糖对个体的短时记忆有积极影响,并且在学习和回忆阶段均嚼口香糖时学习成绩最佳;但当学习阶段不嚼,只在长时记忆的回忆阶段嚼口香糖时,则未发现明显的效应.在数学和字词测验的考试成绩上,两个处理组之间没有显著差异.结论 嚼口香糖对个体的短时记忆有积极的影响,对长时记忆的影响不明显.

Effects of Chewing Gum on Learning and Memory

Objective To examine the effect of chewing gum on learning and memory. Methods Two experiments in elementary school in Beijing were conducted. In experiment 1, the subjects were randomly assigned to four groups of different treatments, referring to whether they were chewing gum or not at the time of learning or recall. Story Comprehension subtest of Wechsler Memory Scale-CR was used as the learning material. In experiment 2, subjects were randomly assigned to two groups referring to whether chewing gum or not at the time of testing. A math test and a vocabulary test were used as the testing material. Results In 5 minutes delayed recall task, participants with chewing gum in both learning and recall sessions outperformed the other groups; and participants who received gum treatment inlearning session outperformed those who did not; consistent treatment groups outperformed inconsistent treatment groups. In 24 hours delayed recall task, no Significant difference between the performances of different groups was found. Results of experiment 2 showed that chewing gum during test-taking period only does not have significant help to performance, Conclusion Chewing gum has positive effects on short-term memory, and no significant effect on long-term memory.