高压氧预处理通过HIF-1α/VEGF通路减轻大脑缺血再灌注损伤

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)通路在高压氧(HO)预处理减轻缺血再灌注(IR)模型大鼠大脑损伤过程中的作用。方法:选择SPF级健康雄性成年SD大鼠32只,使用随机数字软件将其分为对照组(control组)、IR组、HO-IR组和HO-IR-HIF-1α抑制剂组(HO-IR-I组)。IR模型通过大脑中动脉栓塞法制作,对照组仅分离暴露相应血管。HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组大鼠均在制模前在动物高压舱内进行HO治疗4周(每天1次);HO-IR-I组每天在HO预处理前,经腹腔注射4 mg/kg的HIF-1α抑制剂YC-1[3-(5’-hydroxymethyl-2’-furyl)-1-benzylindazol]。在制作模型第1天和第7天行神经行为学评估,第7天观察结束后麻醉处死大鼠,取脑组织测量梗死体积,Western blot检测HIF-1α/VEGF通路相关蛋白及凋亡相关蛋白Bax和Bcl-2的水平,TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞数。结果:与control组比较,IR组、HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组大鼠的神经功能评分降低,脑梗死体积比例及HIF-1α、VEGF、Bax和Bcl-2的蛋白表达均增加,凋亡细胞数量亦增加(P0.05);与IR组比较;HO-IR组和HO-IR-I组的神经功能评分升高,HIF-1α、VEGF和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达上调,脑梗死体积比例降低,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达下调,凋亡细胞数量减少(P0.05);与HO-IR组比较,HO-IR-I组的神经功能评分降低,HIF-1α、VEGF和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达下调,脑梗死体积比例升高,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达上调,凋亡细胞数量增加(P0.05)。结论:HO预处理减轻大脑IR损伤的机制可能与通过诱导HIF-1α/VEGF通路调节凋亡进程有关。

Role of HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by hyperbaric oxygen pretreatment

AIM: To investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in hyperbaric oxygen (HO) pretreatment in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. METHODS: Healthy male SD rats (n=32) were randomly divided into control group IR group, HO-IR group and HO-IR-HIF-1α inhibitor group (HO-IR-I group). The IR model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The corresponding blood vessels of the rats in control group were only exposed. The rats in HO-IR group and HO-IR-I group were treated with HO for 4 weeks before the animal modeling. The rats in HO-IR-I group received 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazol (YC-1) by intraperitoneal injection at 4 mg/kg before HO preconditioning every day. At 1 d and 7 d after modeling, the neurological assessment was evaluated.At the end of the 7 th day, after observation, the rats were sacrificed by anesthesia to measure the infarct volume of the brain tissue. The protein levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by Western blot. The number of apoptotic cells was detected by TUNEL. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the neurological function score was decreased, while the cerebral infarction volume ratio, the protein levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, Bcl-2 and Bax, and the apoptotic cells were increased in IR group, HO-IR group and HO-IR-I group (P<0.05). Compared with IR group, the neurological function score, and the protein levels of HIF-1α,VEGF and Bcl-2 were increased, while the cerebral infarction volume ratio, the protein level of Bax and apoptotic cells were decreased in HO-IR group and HO-IR-I group (P<0.05). Compared with HO-IR group, the neurological function score, and the protein levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and Bcl-2 were decreased, while the cerebral infarction volume ratio, the protein level of Bax and apoptotic cells were increased in HO-IR-I group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The mechanism of HO preconditioning attenuating cerebral IR injury may be related to the regulation of apoptosis by inducing HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway activation.